This painting was part of a larger altarpiece that illustrated three scenes from the life of Mary Magdalene. It has been proposed that after the Resurrection of Christ, Mary Magdalene traveled to the South of France to preach the Gospel. The painter of this piece is referred to as "The Master of the Magdalene Legend" because he created numerous pieces depicting Mary Magdalene, yet his true identity is still unkown.

Mary Magdalene is shown preaching to the pagans in the center of the painting, but behind her are two scenes from the legend. It was reported Mary Magdalene saved a shipwerecked mother and child, and the monk is painted as he recieves a vision of Mary Magdalene born into heaven.

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